FOR PUBLICATION UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA,
Plaintiff-Appellee,| No. 07-10528
| D.C. No.
v.
| CR-05-00870-
JEFFREY A KILBRIDE, | DGC-2
Defendant-Appellant.
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, No. 07-10534
Plaintiff-Appellee,| D.C. No.
|
v. CR-05-00870-
| DGC-3
JAMES ROBERT SCHAFFER, |
Defendant-Appellant. OPINION
Appeal from the United States District Court
for the District of Arizona
David G. Campbell, District Judge, Presiding
Argued and Submitted
June 8, 2009—San Francisco, California
Filed October 28, 2009
Before: Procter Hug, Jr., Betty B. Fletcher and
Michael Daly Hawkins, Circuit Judges.
Opinion by Judge B. Fletcher
Cloaking and false domain registration for the criminal aspect of the
CAN-SPAM Act of 2003. For those that don't get the connection, the
Civil and Criminal requirements are almost the same verbiage.
18 U.S.C. § 1037(a)(3). Section 1037(a)(4) provides:
Whoever, in or affecting interstate or foreign com-
merce, knowingly— . . . . registers, using informa-
tion that materially falsifies the identity of the actual
registrant, for five or more electronic mail accounts
or online user accounts or two or more domain
names, and intentionally initiates the transmission of
multiple commercial electronic mail messages from
any combination of such accounts or domain names
. . . shall be punished . . . .
"We fail to perceive any vagueness on this point. Based on the plain
meaning of the relevant terms discussed above, private registration for
the purpose of concealing the actual registrant’s identity would
constitute “material falsification.”"
--
Mark Ferguson
http://www.stop-spam.org/
http://tcats.stop-spam.org/
|
